APES Pre-Test Chapter 15

Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

____	1.	Which of the following practices would act to reduce vehicular exhaust in urban areas?
I. Establish “No Idling” zones
II. Require Enhanced Auto Inspections
III. Retrofit gasoline pumps with sleeves to collect VOC’s
a. | I only
b. | II only
c. | II and III only
d. | I and III only
e. | I, II, and II

____	2.	How does Chattanooga’s location make it more susceptible to pollution?
a. | Its tropical location causes high temperatures, which increases air pollution.
b. | Its coastal location exposes it to pollution from the sea.
c. | Its extremely cold location means that the pollution from snow builds up over time.
d. | Its location on a large, flat plain exposes it to the wind, which carries air pollution.
e. | Its location in a bowl formed by mountains causes air pollution to get trapped.

____	3.	Large urban areas that have problems associated with high levels of particulate pollution also have
I. Respiratory disease high above the national average
II. Limited visibility – Haze
III. Decreased water quality
a. | I only
b. | II only
c. | I and II only
d. | I and III only
e. | I, II, and III

____	4.	If a municipality wanted to take measures to decrease its air pollution, the largest impact would come from
a. | switching its city fleets of vehicles to natural gas from gasoline
b. | a voluntary recycling program
c. | limiting the new businesses start-ups in the area
d. | constructing new landfills
e. | requiring specific materials be used in the manufacture of new homes

____	5.	Which of the following is INCORRECT regarding NO_X?
a. | It occurs as NO_2 and NO gases
b. | They occur as products of combustion in the atmosphere
c. | Motor vehicles and fossil fuel combustion are the primary anthropogenic sources
d. | They play a role in the production of stratospheric ozone
e. | They play a role in the production of photochemical smog

____	6.	Which of the following is an anthropogenic source of nitrogen oxides?
a. | Motor vehicles
b. | Forest fires
c. | Nitrogen fixation
d. | Lightning
e. | Planting of legumes by farmers

____	7.	Which of the following pollutants would most adversely affect respiratory tracts?
a. | Mercury
b. | Lead
c. | PM_2.5
d. | PM_10
e. | CO_2

____	8.	Costs associated with atmospheric brown clouds such as those covering large areas in Asia include all of the following EXCEPT
a. | fluctuating surface temperatures beneath the smog
b. | light absorption causing reduced photosynthesis in plants
c. | human respiratory problems
d. | diminished allure of recreation areas
e. | loss of tourism dollars

____	9.	The air pollutant that is a metal and is released primarily from the combustion of coal is
a. | lead
b. | mercury
c. | arsenic
d. | sulfur
e. | none of the above

____	10.	The correct sequence of events for acid deposition are
W. deposition of ions on vegetation or soil
X. secondary pollutants are formed
Y. combustion releasing SO_2 and NO_X
Z. dissociation of pollutants
a. | Z->X->Y->W
b. | Y->X->Z->W
c. | Y->Z->X->W
d. | Y->W->X->Z
e. | Z->Y->W->X

____	11.	Catalytic converters in cars have been instrumental in removing which of the following pollutants from vehicle emissions?
I. NO_X 
II. CO
III. SO_4^2–
a. | I only
b. | II only
c. | I and II only
d. | I and III only
e. | I, II, and III

____	12.	All of the following describe the production of stratospheric ozone EXCEPT
a. | it is a closed loop cycle
b. | it is formed from the reaction of O with O_2 in the presence of ultraviolet radiation
c. | it is formed from the reaction of C with O_2 in the presence of NO_X
d. | without interference, there is a steady state of ozone being created and destroyed
e. | the ozone absorbs UV-B and decomposes into O_2 and O

____	13.	The agreement that allowed for a reduction, and eventual elimination, of CFC production and use is
a. | The Montreal Protocol
b. | The Quebec Protocol
c. | The Kyoto Protocol
d. | The Clean Skies Initiative
e. | The Clean Air Act

____	14.	Which of the following best describes the indoor air pollutant asbestos?
a. | a radioactive compound that can lead to lung cancer
b. | a VOC found in furniture and carpets
c. | a fibrous mineral that can cause respiratory diseases
d. | a metal that can cause brain damage in children
e. | it is routinely found in homes in developing countries

____	15.	The compound that is the leading cause of ozone depletion is
a. | CO
b. | CO_2
c. | CFCs
d. | NO_X
e. | VOCs

____	16.	Possible economic benefits to legislation on air pollution would include all of the following EXCEPT
a. | local businesses capitalize on new “clean” technologies
b. | establishment of local manufacturers of “clean” technologies
c. | creation of a municipal fleet of electric cars and buses
d. | lowering the tax on a gallon of gasoline
e. | population increase in local area

____	17.	The smog that frequently exists in major metropolitan areas such as Los Angeles, CA is known as brown smog and consists primarily of what component?
a. | fog
b. | ozone
c. | sulfate compounds
d. | carbon particulate matter
e. | smoke

____	18.	Gasoline is a VOC. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of gasoline that makes it a “VOC”?
a. | gasoline evaporates at a typical atmospheric temperature
b. | gasoline has a strong smell
c. | gasoline is a hydrocarbon
d. | gasoline is a hazardous compound
e. | gasoline is an organic compound

____	19.	Which of the following pollution control measures reduces nitrogen oxide emissions from the burning of coal?
a. | Electrostatic precipitators
b. | Fabric filters
c. | Scrubbers
d. | Lowering coal burning temperatures
e. | Fluidized bed combustion

____	20.	A phenomenon associated with the buildup of toxic compounds and pollutants in an airtight space is known as
a. | sealed building syndrome
b. | synthetic building syndrome
c. | sick building syndrome
d. | sick worker syndrome
e. | insulated building sick worker syndrome

____	21.	Which type of pollution control is most difficult?
a. | choosing a fuel with fewer impurities
b. | including catalytic converter on new automobiles
c. | removing pollutants after they have been dispersed over a wide area
d. | burning fuel at lower temperatures
e. | reducing pollutants after combustion but before release into the atmosphere

APES Pre-Test Chapter 15
Answer Section

MULTIPLE CHOICE

	1.	ANS:	E	PTS:	1	DIF:	E	MSC:	Critical thinking

	2.	ANS:	E	PTS:	1	DIF:	E	MSC:	Concept based

	3.	ANS:	C	PTS:	1	DIF:	E	MSC:	Fact based

	4.	ANS:	A	PTS:	1	DIF:	M	MSC:	Critical thinking

	5.	ANS:	D	PTS:	1	DIF:	D	MSC:	Fact based

	6.	ANS:	A	PTS:	1	DIF:	E	MSC:	Fact based

	7.	ANS:	C	PTS:	1	DIF:	M	MSC:	Fact based

	8.	ANS:	A	PTS:	1	DIF:	M	MSC:	Fact based

	9.	ANS:	B	PTS:	1	DIF:	E	MSC:	Fact based

	10.	ANS:	B	PTS:	1	DIF:	M	MSC:	Concept based

	11.	ANS:	C	PTS:	1	DIF:	M	MSC:	Fact based

	12.	ANS:	C	PTS:	1	DIF:	M	MSC:	Concept based

	13.	ANS:	A	PTS:	1	DIF:	M	MSC:	Fact based

	14.	ANS:	C	PTS:	1	DIF:	E	MSC:	Fact based

	15.	ANS:	C	PTS:	1	DIF:	E	MSC:	Fact based

	16.	ANS:	D	PTS:	1	DIF:	D	MSC:	Critical thinking

	17.	ANS:	B	PTS:	1	DIF:	M	MSC:	Definitional

	18.	ANS:	D	PTS:	1	DIF:	M	MSC:	Definitional

	19.	ANS:	D	PTS:	1	DIF:	E	MSC:	Fact based

	20.	ANS:	C	PTS:	1	DIF:	E	MSC:	Definitional

	21.	ANS:	C	PTS:	1	DIF:	E	MSC:	Concept based