APES Pre-Test Chapters 12 and 13

Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

Figure 12-2

[Source: http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/aer/eh/eh.html]

____	1.	Use Figure 12-2. The use of petroleum as a fuel rose dramatically due to all of the following except
a. | its relative ease of extraction
b. | its relative ease of transportation
c. | its use as a transportation fuel
d. | its relatively inexpensive cost
e. | its abundance in the contiguous United States

____	2.	Use Figure 12-2. The drop in the use of coal as a fuel in the 1940s corresponds to a rise in the use of _____.
a. | natural gas
b. | nuclear power
c. | hydroelectric power
d. | wood
e. | wind power

____	3.	Reasons for which petroleum is the chosen fuel for transportation in the U.S. include
  I. Its energy value per unit volume
 II. Its ability to quickly start or stop providing energy
III. Its low amount of pollution produced per Joule
a. | I only
b. | II only
c. | III only
d. | I and II only
e. | I, II, and III

____	4.	Conventional fossil fuel energy resources include all of the following except
a. | coal
b. | oil
c. | natural gas
d. | uranium
e. | All of the above are conventional fossil fuel energy resources.

____	5.	In the use of coal to produce energy, which of the following does NOT decrease the energy efficiency of the process?
a. | extracting the coal from the ground
b. | waste heat
c. | cogeneration
d. | energy required to build the power plant
e. | the removal of the waste products

____	6.	In the United States, which sector utilizes the most energy?
a. | transportation
b. | industry
c. | domestic
d. | exports
e. | electricity generation

____	7.	Why is a gas water heater more energy efficient OVERALL than an electric water heater when the electricity comes from a coal-fired power plant?
I. the electric water heater has a lower direct efficiency 
II. the energy efficiency of the coal-fired power plant is low
III. natural gas does not need to be transported
a. | I only
b. | II only
c. | I and II only
d. | II and III only
e. | I, II, and III

____	8.	The energy expenditure value of traveling by car is 3.6 MJ/passenger-kilometer. The value for traveling by train is 1.1 MJ/passenger-kilometer. What would be the best way to increase the efficiency of traveling by car?
a. | increase the gas mileage
b. | increase the number of passengers
c. | reduce the number of miles traveled
d. | purchase a less expensive vehicle
e. | use a different energy source

____	9.	All of the following are reasons why coal is so widely used around the world except
a. | resources are relatively easy to exploit
b. | coal needs little refining
c. | coal is easily transported
d. | coal is plentiful
e. | coal has a low energy density

____	10.	The primary use of petroleum products is for
a. | production of kerosene as a fuel source
b. | extraction of tar and asphalt
c. | gasoline for transportation
d. | production of petrochemicals needed for industry
e. | production of plastics

____	11.	The premise of a nuclear power plant is to use uranium
a. | pellets in the fuel rods to generate heat while using control rods to prevent a meltdown
b. | fuel rods to generate heat while using control rods to prevent a meltdown
c. | pellets in the control rods to regulate energy coming from the fuel rods
d. | control rods to control the energy coming from the fuel rods
e. | pellets in the fuel rods and the control rods to generate heat and use water to prevent a meltdown

____	12.	A sample of U-235 has a half-life of 700 million years. What fraction of the parent material will remain after 2800 million years?
a. | 1/2
b. | 1/4
c. | 1/8
d. | 1/16
e. | 1/32

____	13.	Which of the following resources is the cleanest burning fossil fuel?
a. | Coal
b. | Natural Gas
c. | Oil
d. | Uranium

____	14.	An electric company’s tiered rate system charges customers
a. | increasingly higher rates for less renewable resources
b. | different rates based on the square footage of their dwelling
c. | lower rates for first increments of energy and higher rates as the usage goes up
d. | different rates based on high peak events
e. | increasingly higher rates for renewable resources

____	15.	If a 100 W incandescent light bulb uses 360 kJ of energy per hour, and a compact fluorescent bulb uses ^1/_4 as much, how much energy would a compact fluorescent bulb use in 30 minutes?
a. | 4.5 kJ
b. | 9 kJ
c. | 45 kJ
d. | 90 kJ
e. | 900 kJ

____	16.	An energy efficient home, in the northern hemisphere, using a passive solar energy design for heating and cooling would include all of the following EXCEPT
a. | windows along the west-facing wall
b. | light-colored roofing material
c. | double-paned windows
d. | a roof with an overhang
e. | flooring material with heat absorbing qualities

Table 13-1

Type of Television | On Mode Power Rating
50” Plasma Television | 400 watts
52” LCD Television | 220 watts
52” LCD Energy Star Television | 120 watts

____	17.	Use Table 13-1. If both the LCD televisions are on for 4 hours per day for the month of April – 30 days – how much less energy does the Energy Star television use over the course of the month?
a. | 400 kWh
b. | 100 kWh
c. | 120 kWh
d. | 12 kWh
e. | 1.2 kWh

____	18.	Use Table 13-1. If the cost of electricity is $0.10 per kWh and both LCD televisions are used for four hours per day for the period of one year (365 days), how much less does the Energy Star model cost for that year?
a. | $480
b. | $146
c. | $120
d. | $14.60
e. | $1.46

____	19.	Problems associated with the use of trees for biomass are
I. potential deforestation
II. burning fossil carbon
III. potential soil erosion
a. | I only
b. | II only
c. | I and II only
d. | I and III only
e. | I, II, and III

____	20.	All of the following are environmental costs of water impoundment systems EXCEPT
a. | water behind dams can hold more heat and therefore less oxygen
b. | lack of valuable sediments in the water downstream from dams
c. | methane emissions after flooding the area in order to build the dam
d. | flooding of habitats behind the dam
e. | hydroelectric power generation creates a lot of CO2 emissions.

____	21.	On a worldwide basis the fastest growing renewable source for generating electricity is
a. | geothermal
b. | hydroelectric
c. | solar
d. | biomass
e. | wind

____	22.	Put the items below in correct sequence for the generation of electricity using the wind
1 – generator converts mechanical energy into electrical energy
2 – wind turns the wind turbine blade
3 – the gear box transfers mechanical energy to the generator
4 – electricity is transferred to the grid
a. | 1-2-3-4
b. | 2-1-3-4
c. | 2-3-1-4
d. | 2-4-3-1
e. | 4-2-3-1

____	23.	Benefits of using wind energy over other renewables are all of the following EXCEPT
a. | the land used by a wind farm is able to be used for other purposes
b. | wind farms do not alter the water quality of the area
c. | there is no pollution and no greenhouse gases associated with electricity generation
d. | wind is a nondepletable resource
e. | wind farms pose a potential threat to local wildlife populations

____	24.	Smart-grid technology is needed in the United States for all of the following reasons EXCEPT
a. | Some locations have the capacity to generate more electricity than is needed
b. | Some locations cannot supply the capacity of electricity needed and build new power plants
c. | Peak demands stress some locales causing rolling brown outs
d. | Using wide-scale intermittent sources such as wind and solar power can lead to instability
e. | Smart grid technology is necessary for generating hydroelectric energy

____	25.	Fish ladders help to mitigate the environmental problems caused by
a. | tidal power
b. | water impoundment systems
c. | run-of-the-river systems
d. | photovoltaic solar cells
e. | hydrogen fuel cells

____	26.	The main advantage of nondepletable energy sources over nonrenewable energy sources is
a. | nondepletable energy sources will not run out on human time scales
b. | electricity generated by nondepletable energy sources is consistently lower in price
c. | nondepletable energy is ubiquitously available whereas fossil fuels are not
d. | nondepletable energy sources are not dangerous to the environment and nonrenewable energy sources are
e. | nondepletable energy sources do not contribute to greenhouse gas emissions and fossil fuels do

____	27.	Which of the following would NOT be a method for saving substantial amounts of energy?
a. | Purchasing Energy Star electronics and appliances
b. | Using public transportation instead of private vehicles
c. | Replacing fluorescent bulbs with incandescent bulbs in buildings
d. | Applying sustainable design principles to new construction
e. | Charging electricity customers according to a tiered rate system

____	28.	Which form of energy production has a large environmental impact, a high cost of construction, and the potential to force the displacement of large numbers of people and wildlife?
a. | water impoundment systems
b. | photovoltaic systems
c. | wind farms
d. | tidal power generating stations
e. | geothermal power stations

APES Pre-Test Chapters 12 and 13
Answer Section

MULTIPLE CHOICE

	1.	ANS:	E	PTS:	1	DIF:	D	MSC:	Critical thinking

	2.	ANS:	A	PTS:	1	DIF:	E	MSC:	Fact based

	3.	ANS:	D	PTS:	1	DIF:	M	MSC:	Fact based

	4.	ANS:	D	PTS:	1	DIF:	E	MSC:	Fact based

	5.	ANS:	C	PTS:	1	DIF:	E	MSC:	Fact based

	6.	ANS:	B	PTS:	1	DIF:	E	MSC:	Fact based

	7.	ANS:	B	PTS:	1	DIF:	M	MSC:	Fact based

	8.	ANS:	B	PTS:	1	DIF:	D	MSC:	Critical thinking

	9.	ANS:	E	PTS:	1	DIF:	E	MSC:	Fact based

	10.	ANS:	C	PTS:	1	DIF:	E	MSC:	Fact based

	11.	ANS:	A	PTS:	1	DIF:	M	MSC:	Concept based

	12.	ANS:	D	PTS:	1	DIF:	M	MSC:	Analytical thinking

	13.	ANS:	B	PTS:	1	DIF:	E	MSC:	Fact based

	14.	ANS:	C	PTS:	1	DIF:	E	MSC:	Concept based

	15.	ANS:	C	PTS:	1	DIF:	M	MSC:	Analytical thinking

	16.	ANS:	A	PTS:	1	DIF:	E	MSC:	Concept based

	17.	ANS:	D	PTS:	1	DIF:	M	MSC:	Analytical thinking

	18.	ANS:	D	PTS:	1	DIF:	M	MSC:	Analytical thinking

	19.	ANS:	D	PTS:	1	DIF:	E	MSC:	Concept based

	20.	ANS:	E	PTS:	1	DIF:	M	MSC:	Concept based

	21.	ANS:	E	PTS:	1	DIF:	E	MSC:	Fact based

	22.	ANS:	C	PTS:	1	DIF:	E	MSC:	Fact based

	23.	ANS:	E	PTS:	1	DIF:	E	MSC:	Fact based

	24.	ANS:	E	PTS:	1	DIF:	M	MSC:	Concept based

	25.	ANS:	B	PTS:	1	DIF:	E	MSC:	Fact based

	26.	ANS:	A	PTS:	1	DIF:	E	MSC:	Concept based

	27.	ANS:	C	PTS:	1	DIF:	E	MSC:	Concept based

	28.	ANS:	A	PTS:	1	DIF:	M	MSC:	Fact based